temperature

This study deals with natural heat transfer through apertures between two adjacent rooms. A one-dimensional model has been developed to determine the flow rate and enthalpy rate transferred through each aperture as well as the vertical temperature profile in each room. Results show that flow rate and enthalpy rate vary quasilinearly through time. Temperature profiles show a high thermal stratification depending on the relative location of the apertures. Experiments have been performed in a test apparatus using water. Temperatures have been measured.

Introduces a new HVAC system which adapts the actual needed quantity of outside air and at the same time maintains the demanded thermal conditions. Apart from the temperature, the CO2-level in the controlled zones is used tocontrol the system. The new HVAC system is compared with a conventional one by computer simulation for annual energy consumption.

Discomfort due to stuffiness and adverse temperature gradients may occur in well insulated rooms with low levels of natural ventilation. Using methods previously applied to studies of convection in the atmosphere, a model of the room air movement

An analysis has been made of draft failure with residential heating units operating at low rates of combustion during mild, calm weather. It has been shown that under these conditions the relation between chimney draft andhouse pressures becomes important in determining when venting failure will occur. A simple equation expressing this relation has been developed. It shows that draft failure will occur if the mean flue gas temperature in the chimney falls below a value that depends on the neutral zone level.

The air velocities and air temperatures distributions within the occupied zone of a room were determined and the wall surface temperatures were measured, in steady-state conditions. For each one of the 5 selected comfort criteria, and at every point of a three-dimensional network, a comfort index, derived from the physical measurements, characterizes the level of discomfort. The data is then synthesized in the form of a comfort profile, taking into account not only the frequency of the 5 types of discomfort, but their intensity as well.

For proper control of the ventilation in a building, it is necessary to know the factors involved. These include (1) the climate, including temperature, wind direction, and wind velocity, (2) the building performance, (the interconnections b

This paper reports the results of measurements of inside surface temperatures on a basic double window arrangement consisting of two sheets of glass surrounded by insulated construction. Principal variables were air space width, height, and overall temperature difference. Carefully controlled natural convection conditions were provided on the warm side, with forced convection on the cold side. Results were also obtained for the average surface to surface thermal conductance of each configuration.

This report describes a technique which models the infiltration process for an entire enclosure more accurately than standard methods. Both air flow and convective/conductive heat transfer are accounted for to (a) improve building heat load calculations, (b) determine the important characteristics of existing (and new) buildings for infiltration heat loads, and (c) account more accurately for wind effects.

A large proportion of heated rooms depend primarily on natural convection for the distribution of heat within the occupied zone. A method of predicting air temperature variations with height is presented. Using the heat and mass flow rates of the driving convection plume, along with the corresponding parameters of downward flowing air streams at cool surfaces, an estimation of the maximum (upper) temperature and the minimum (lower) temperature can be made. Incoming air entry points can also be taken into account.

Describes automatic equipment for measuring thermal comfort based on resultant surface temperature, convective heat flux density, air temperature and relative humidity. Results obtained in an environmental chamber are presented and evaluated.