English

The subject of this paper is the experimental determination of the flow characteristics of three-dimensional wall jets. The jets were produced from a diffuser with a rectangular outlet. The diffuser outlet size and flow rate were varied to produce both low and high outlet aspect ratios and Reynolds numbers. Velocity profile measurements were made to determine the centerline velocity decay and the extent of the lateral and vertical spread of the jet.

Thermal anemometers with omnidirectional sensors are recommended in the standards to be used for low-velocity measurements indoors. Requirements for the directional sensitivity of the velocity sensor are prescribed. However, a method for testing the directional sensitivity of low-velocity anemometers does not exist. A simple test procedure is used in practice to identify the so-called "yaw" and "roll" directional sensitivity of an omnidirectional velocity sensor.

The two-dimensional, transient numerical model of heat and water vapor convection and diffusion during air exfiltration within fiberglass insulation, presented in Part /, is validated in Part II, with experimental data for temperature, moisture and frost accumulation, and heat flux. With a few exceptions, the simulation results and experimental data agree within the experimental uncertainty. Exfiltration airflow in the two-dimensional space showed strong entrance and exit effects for temperature, moisture and frost accumulation, and heat flux on the cold side.

This paper presents general guidance on designing for thermal comfort in combined chilled ceiling/displacement ventilation environments. Thermal comfort measurements involving 184 human subjects were carried out in a laboratory- based test room, constructed to resemble a normal office and equipped with a combined chilled ceiling and wallmounted displacement ventilation system.

Experts on animal production housing design were surveyed to determine current knowledge, identify potential control measures, and define research and development needs on indoor air quality in production animal facilities. Results indicated that for larger, more mature animals, properly designed and controlled natural ventilation systems are effective in providing good environments. For colder climates and more sensitive animals, a combined system with mechanical ventilation for cold weather and natural ventilation for warm weather works well.

In this paper, new requirements for the characteristics of anemometers used for low-velocity measurements indoors, as well as requirements for the signal processing, are presented The static calibration, dynamic response, and temperature compensation of the anemometers, as well as the directional sensitivity and the design of the velocity transducer, are considered, together with the period and the sampling rate of the measurements.

Unsolicited complaints from 23,500 occupants in 690 commercial buildings were examined with regard to absolute and relative frequency of complaints, temperatures at which thermal sensation complaints (too hot or too cold) occurred, and response times and actions. The analysis shows that thermal sensation complaints are the single most common complaint of any type and that they are the overwhelming majority of environmental complaints.