Discusses actual ventilation rates in small houses and the requirements of Swedish building regulations. States that regulations do not take a total view of the energy balance in small houses, and pay no regard to the interplay between different forces.< Discusses a newly built 1.5 storey house as an example. Outlines problems in ensuring a low air change rate.
Describes apparatus and experimental techniques for full and model scale measurements on test buildings. Discusses "blocking effect" of a large model in a small tunnel. Shows that model law derived in part one is valid forphenomena dependent on wind velocity. Compares model to full-scale tests. Discusses air flow around a house, pressure on walls and different types of roofs
Describes instrumentation used to measure air flow and pressure. Presents laws for turbulent and laminar flow in a wind tunnel. Reports model experiments to investigate the flow behind a solid screen and control experiments to check the model laws. Discusses measurements made at full scale on a school and on a model of the school. Describes experiments on the shelter behind houses and the dispersal of smoke from a chimney.
Describes computer program developed by BSRIA to predict ventilation rates and directions of air flow in buildings for given sets of conditions. These conditions are wind speed and direction, temperature differences between inside and outside the building, air leakage characteristics of the components and the mechanically induced air flow rates. The report is in the form of anoperating manual for the program.
Reports preliminary research directed towards developing a new method for measuring the air leakage property of an enclosure. The low-frequency acoustic impedance of the enclosure is measured by an infrasonic method. Describes and analyses a diaphram-type motor-driven source and a pressure sensor with electronic filters used to measure infrasonic impedance.< Reports tests run in enclosures of different volumes and degrees of leakiness.
Reviews past research in air infiltration, discussing various models. Proposes research agenda. Gives anotated bibliography. Describes commercial and residential models. Gives test results and a summary of the models.
Describes infrasonic method of measuring the air leakage of a house or apartment. Describes apparatus, consisting of a motor driven source of known output a sensitive pressure pickup and anelectronic signal processor. A low frequency (about one cycle per second) alternating air flow of known magnitude is applied to the interior of the building, and the alternating component of inside pressure that results is measured. The pressure response is a function of the type and size of leakage paths. Describes measurements made on three interior rooms and gives sample results.
Reports comparisons between wind pressures measured on two low-rise experimental buildings and pressures measured on wind-tunnel models of those buildings. For the experimental building at Aylesbury, comparisons are made between thefull-scale pressures obtained by the Building Research Establishment and those of model tests at 1: 500 scale carried out by the University of Western Ontario, Canada and at 1 :50 scale by Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (V.P.l.S.U.). The second experimental building, constructed by V.P.l.S. U.
Reports measurements of wind pressure distributions on a model of tall building made in a turbulent wind tunnel with a velocity gradient. The wind pressure distributions in a constant uniform velocity field were also measured and the differences in thepatterns of pressure distributions due to the effects of velocity gradient were observed at lower part of the model.< Also describes measurement of natural wind pressures and glass strains on a 36 storey office building. Finds inter alia considerably large pressure fluctuations of short gusts although average pressures are small.
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