English

At the new institute building of Fraunhofer ISE, both mechanical and free night ventilation is used for passive cooling of the offices. The results from a monitoring of room temperatures in 21 office rooms during summer 2002 show that room temperatures exceeds 25 °C in less than 8 % of the working hours, even at high ambient air temperatures. In two offices, experiments were carried out in order to determine the efficiency of night ventilation dependent on air change rate, solar and internal heat gains. During the experiments, meteorological data, air change rates, air temperatures (incl.

This   paper   demonstrates   an   experience   in   the development  of  a  design  performance  evaluation system that can frequently evaluate building design performance within the design process in a real-time manner.   The   evaluation   system,  that we   call "Vitruvius Studio," is composed of several modules such as a front-end component-based CAD engine, a knowledge base, and a set of design agents.

This paper will address the shortcomings of typical heat balance-based HVAC design and analysis software when applied to thermal displacement ventilation (TDV) system design. The performance characteristics of thermal displacement systems that lead to inaccurate calculations from heat balance- based programs are discussed. Finally, the paper presents an approach for estimating the performance of TDV systems using existing heat-based calculation tools that responds to most of the significant differences between overhead  mixing systems and thermal displacement systems.

We present a method, a model and a simple design tool for evaluating the construction, investment and energy costs of different possible design alternatives for grouping apartment units into a multifamily residential building. The added investment cost of each design alternative, compared with a bench-mark solution, is expressed in terms of Additional Annualized Mortgage Payment (AAMP) and is traded-off against possible saved Additional Annual Electricity Payment (AAEP) for in-house climate control.

The present paper describes the development of a method where simulations combined with measurement of parameters for each apartment such as temperatures and relative humidity in the exhaust air and electricity consumption, are used as a basis for individual energy billing. With simulations a transfer function between total heat consumption in the building and in the measured parameters for each apartment is calculated for estimating the individual contribution to the total heating energy used in the building.

The balance between the energy efficient thermal comfort and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in healthcare facilities is the main aim of this paper. The present paper will present this balance from the viewpoint of the air conditioning design. It was found that the design of the HVAC airside systems pl ays an important role for the energy consumption optimization and achieving the optimum IAQ. This paper highlights the importance of the proper airside design on the energy consumption, thermal comfort and IAQ.

A  new parameter   e (0≤e≤1),  called  coefficient  of performance, is introduced, whose value quantifies the suitability of the distribution of resistive and capacitive layers in a multi-layer wall, within problems concerning thermal building-plant interaction in case of external sinusoidal or impulsive thermal variations. After giving an integral expression for the calculation of e, the coefficient’s of performance properties are discussed; simple relations allowing to evaluate the value of e in case of walls made of two materials only, i.e.

This   study   investigates   the   energy   exchanges occurring in the volume and on the surface of water ponds and their influence on energy consumption of building. The mathematical model of water ponds is based on coupling the thermal model of the water pond and the airflow model of the surrounding air. It accounts for the heat transfer by radiation, conduction, convection and the latent heat transfer due to water evaporation. The governing equations are numerically solved by a finite difference method for the thermal model and by a finite volume method for the air flow model.

New Dutch office buildings are built under strict energy efficient legislation and well equipped with insulation, condensing boilers, heat recovery systems, etc. Despite this, many buildings don’t perform as energy efficiently as expected. Also comfort problems occur in large numbers. The problem seems to be the frequently used conventional control strategies, most of which were developed at a time when buildings had no insulation and were equipped only with single glazing.

This paper presents a computational environment for performance-based integrated building enclosure de- sign and control support. The key concepts and fea- tures of this environment include: virtual enclosure, construction mapping, and shading device recom- mendation. Optimization methods are adapted and dynamically applied to derive the basic properties of a "virtual" enclosure for a given set of indoor climate requirements. These values are then mapped to a con- struction database to identify an actual building en- closure construction.