It is the aim of this article to explain the testing procedures developed at the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS) and to evaluate the potential natural ventilation and daylighting applications that have arisen from this research. The objectives for research into this field were to reduce energy costs and increase the sustainability of building stock. From the results of these experiments actual and potential designs are illustrated and discussed in this article.
This paper describes the development of a hybrid conditioning system that creates a comfortable indoor environment in a building. The operation of a variable-volume displacement conditioning system and a radiant cooled floor have been optimized to reduce the building load. Control strategies were developed that optimize energy consumption and contain moisture levels within specified limits. The development of conditioning-only occupied zones is shown and how the overall energy consumption is reduced. Its application in a large airport is described.
The heating degree-days method is widely used for calculation of the air change heating energydemand. However, different countries perceive different values for base temperatures due todifferent insulation levels and internal loads, decreased infiltration rates through tighterconstruction practices, and low temperature settings in efforts to reduce energy consumption.This has always made it difficult to make accurate comparisons for heating energy demandbetween different countries.
The target in this study was to decrease the energy use for transportation of air (fanenergy) with a factor of three. Two real systems composed of existing componentswere constructed in a laboratory; a mechanical exhaust system and a balanced system.The flow rates through the systems were set at values according to the Dutch BuildingRegulations. This situation is called the reference situation. A number ofimprovements have been tested and studied.
The operation and performance of forced-air ventilation systems with the aid of a dynamic modeling and simulation computer program are presented. The functions and features of GEMS (Generalized Engineering Modeling and Simulation), a dynamic modeling and simulation software tool, are briefly described. Using GEMS, the effects of different ventilation airflow rates and sensible and moisture efficiencies on the thermal comfort environment within the conditioned space were analyzed.
The relative importance of ventilation in the energy balance of buildings has been increasing,as a consequence of control of heat exchanges through the envelope and internalgains. It is therefore very important to clearly understand the main factors that affect energyconsumption due to ventilation and potential ways to decrease the energy demand withoutaffecting IAQ.This study was developed within the European project TIP-VENT (JOULE).
Dynamic computer simulations were used to compare residential ventilation methods to identifyan approach that would improve indoor air quality with minimum energy penalty while maintainingcomfort.
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