The present paper addresses and fosters the factors that affect airflow movement and energy efficiencies in the surgical operating theatres. The present work puts forward analyses for major factors contributing to failure to achieve and attain the optimum Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), and the methods suggested to solve such problem. Appropriate architectural and mechanical engineering recommendations to achieve the optimum hygienic operating theatre are set out in the paper.
The practical use of building simulation software requires a global and comprehensible interpretation of results for decision support in design. We propose a method in which the temperature of the free-running building is used to express: 1) the ratio between energy consumption for heating and cooling, 2) energy saved when ventilation is used instead of mechanical cooling, and 3) the degree of building adaptation to the environment.
The conventional constant air volume exhaust fan system is actually a variable air volume system. The fan airflow increases as the fume hood airflow decreases. Under partial fume hood exhaust airflow, the fan power is higher than the design fan power. Two energy efficiency measures are developed in this study to reduce the fan power of the conventional constant air volume exhaust system. In the first measure, a modulation damper is added in the main exhaust air duct and
Optimum air distribution system should provide the basic requirements of healthy environment in the Operating Theatre, which depends in turn mainly on the air supply, extract outlet positions, and the operating table orientation. The complexity of the Surgical Operating Theatre requirements is shown in the present computational cases and the associated sophistication of the air treatment, to attain the guideline recommended by the National Health Service Estates of UK, was adequately represented.
The new perspective technology in building heat supply and climatisation, are given in this paper. The main energy-saving solutions are following: architectural and layout design taking into account the influence of solar radiation and wind direction; high thermal insulation of building envelope and glazing; mechanical supply-and-exhaust ventilation systems for each flat; Ground heat and exhaust air heat recovery for hot water supply; doublepipe heating system for each flat, horizontal, equipped with flat heat meters and thermostatic valves installed at each room heater.
Within the program "Solar Optimized Buildings" which is funded by the German Ministry of Economy (BMWi), a building for the DB Netz AG has been realized and monitored. The design concept of the building is dominated by architectural solutions for ventilation, cooling and lighting of the office rooms. Due to the change of responsibilities during the design and building process, the targeted primary energy consumption of 100 kWh/m 2 y has been exceeded so far. The reasons lie primarily in the inadequate operation of the technical systems for heating, ventilation and artificial lighting.
Purpose of this study is establishment of energy efficient natural ventilation system for Japanese conventional wooden single-family house, by using humidity-controlled extract units (code name: GHN).To evaluate the effect on energy performance and indoor air quality by adapting the GHN to the passive stack ventilation system, airflow rate, humidity, temperature and CO2 concentration are measured over a period of one year in an experimental house.
To evaluate innovations and efficiency as regards air-conditioning, it is necessary to know for how long and in which conditions the equipment functions, an indication related with the COOLING LOAD and which is their effectiveness - EER - on average (or Seasonal) known as SEER. We extended the concept of SEER to include all sources of electricity consumption, namely the secondary equipment, and we called this extended concept the SYSTEM SEER.
This paper describes the results of a collaboration study between ENTPE-LASH and LEPTAB within the framework of the IEA Annex 35 “Hybrid Ventilation in New and Retrofitted Buildings”. The aim of the work is to carry out a cross-simulation study and identi
The present paper aims to present a distant learning educational module that concerns the energy efficient integrated building design in the urban environment. The educational material of the module includes a handbook, computerized tools, examples of urban buildings, libraries on energy efficient products and materials and climatic documentation of climatic data measured in various European urban areas.
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