pollution

This article is devoted to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in two low energy houses, with different frames (cast concrete (I-BB) and timber frame (I-OB)) built in platform INCAS of INES (National Institute of Solar Energy -in french: Institut National de l’Energie Solaire). In order to quantify pollutant emissions due to building materials and products, an experimental protocol consisted in stopping ventilation systems -”balanced ventilation”- of each house (a little before and during the measurement campaign), closing doors and windows, and not allowing occupant.

In this paper the authors present the results of the European AIRLESS programme whose aim was to identify the pollution sources in air-handling units, and then avoid or eliminate this pollution. The authors propose several energy efficient ways to provide good indoor air and efficient indoor environment conditioning.

This paper describes how the pollution loads in non-industrial buildings can be quantified by using the olf unit. It also sums up the existing data on the measured sensory pollution loads. Their use seems the most suitable approach for the prediction of ventilation rates required for an acceptable indoor air quality.

This theoretical paper studies of the interaction between air curtains system and purging dilution systems in a real urban underground railway station in order to find the best design to reduce concentration of polluting gas toward adjoining environments. Numerical computations are carried out with NIST package Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The use of an approximate form of the Navier-Stokes equations for low Mach number application is appropriate. Polluted gasses flow towards safe space can be reduced of the 26-53% by operating air curtain systems.

Concerning pollution in Hong Kong, the situation is particularly serious in public transfer locations such as public taxi transfer interchanges. Those locations are normally built at ground level under large building complexes, and poorly ventilated. The exhaust gas from vehicles are trapped and the air within those locations is smoky, filthy, and harmful for the passengers. This paper deals with a study on pollutant dispersion and distribution inside that type of sites at off-peak and peak hours. Measurement and analysis of field data are presented.

The paper describes small scale wind tunnel experiments on the dispersion of contaminants discharged from the bottom of courtyards and other enclosed spaces. The experiments covered a range of courtyards with ratios of depth to width from 5- (consistent with light wells and other very deep cavities) down to 0.1 (consistent with shallow enclosed squares and piazzas that are frequently found in the urban environment).

The effect of external pollution levels on indoor air quality is a subject of growing interest, especially with the increasing application of natural ventilation in urban areas. The analysis described in this paper allows the effects of varying external pollution levels to be estimated for any configuration of ventilation system, natural or mechanical. The analysis takes into account filter efficiency and position, internal pollutant sources, degree of re-circulation and varying fresh air rates.