As ventilation is a significant consumer of energy the rates of ventilation have often been minimized, particularly after the energy crisis in the early 70s, in order to reduce equipment and energy costs. This has caused in many countries indoor air quality problems. It has been shown that ventilation rates have adverse effects on communicable respiratory illnesses; on sick building syndrome symptoms; on productivity and perceived air quality. Often the prevalence of SBS symptoms is higher in air-conditioned buildings than in naturally ventilated buildings.
The paper examines the possibilities of using simple CFD models in practical smoke ventilationdesign. The aim is to assess if it is possible with a reasonable accuracy to predict the behaviour of smoke transport in case of a fire. A CFD code mainly applicable for ordinary ventilation design is used for the examination. The CFD model is compared with benchmark tests and results from a special application fire simulation CFD code. Apart from benchmark tests two practical applications are examined in shape of modelling a fire in a theatre and a double faade, respectively.
Ships are very demanding on the ventilation systems that need to be installed. The reasons forthis are manifold. The following paper will address the problems around the ventilation layout for a typical RoRo-Ferry and will show how CFD can help the designers to optimize the system. One new area of interest is the simulation of fire to optimize the fire suppression systems in engine rooms of RORO vessels.
This paper sums up the evolution of the AIVC technical programme over the past 25 years with its main subjects of interest and its main productions (guides, handbooks, technical notes, database, literature reviews).The communication between research communities and AIVC is also evoked along with its future developments.
From AIC to AIVC changes have occured with increased awareness of the role of ventilation. AIVC will have to continuously evaluate changes in society and technology in order to stay attractive and useful for its target groups. This paper comments the scope of the annex 5, the type of activities, the global environment in which annex 5 is working, and the dissemination approach for the diffusion of information on AIVC website.
Ventilation has two functions : a universal role to assure air renovation and bring fresh air into spaces and the role of energy carrier for heating or cooling. In so far as air is always needed, it was used for both functions. But some dysfunctions occured whenever the energy for comfort overwehelms the ventilation for all, all the time.
Though progress in ventilation knowledge has been extraordinary during the last century, there is a growing concern about it. A revision of the concept of comfort must be done along with a better understanding of what it allows in practice.
Microperforated sound absorbers have been successfully implemented in suspended ceilings, transparent panel absorbers or other applications. That principle of microperforation has been introduced to further engineering areas such as duct systems where the air flows through the micorperforation. So along with the ventilation aspects, the sound absorption effects need to be taken into account. In that aim, the theory of a microperforated absorber was extended by the effects due to airflow through the microperforation.
The aim of that study is to produce guidance in adequate ventilation in new domestic buildings. The paper gives a description of the development and application of a method for measuring the mean ventilation rate in occupied homes with the measurement of indoor air pollutants. Results are presented.
Local control of ventilation in large buildings is considered to be a main issue in energy savings regarding the huge energy losses that are usually induced by such large volumes. An efficient ventilation system and the development of local control ventilation strategies could prevent large buildings from having an unsuited or overvalued ventilation and reduce significantly the energy consumption.
This paper sums up the knowledge on good and bad effects of ventilation on health and other human responses. The focus is on working environment in offices and residential buildings.
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