Gives detailed results of an extensive programme of wind tunnel testing of a standard scale model of a one-room, flat-roofed building. A major requirement was coverage of those characteristics of window openings or window accessories which were known (or which appeared) to have a significant effect on indoor air flow.
Air-to-air heat exchangers were evaluated as a method of maintaining indoor contaminant concentration levels below acceptable levels. A mathematical simulation of air infiltration and indoor contaminant generation was used todetermine the distribution of contaminant concentrations at various average intervals including hourly and yearly. Both spot generation such as from unvented combustion, and diffuse sources, such as from materials, were considered for four contaminants, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and formaldehyde.
The thermal effects of air flows in building structures have been analyzed by computer simulation. Some laboratory experiments have also been carried out concerning natural convection in closed and semi-open cavities filled with fibrous insulating material. Three different flow systems in building structures have been studied: natural/forced convection in open/semi-open (permeable cold surface) 2-dimensional insulation structures, heating of infiltrating air in cracks and diffusive infiltration.
A pilot test series has been performed to study the possibility of using carbon dioxide produced by the burners of a test furnace as a tracer gas to measure the fire gas leakage of door assemblies. The experiments show that a test method based on tracer gas techniques can be developed avoiding thedrawbacks of the proposed ISO test method DP 5925 Part 3 based on the use of an enclosure. The investigated method works well for leakage measurements in ambient and medium temperature ranges. A special test door suitable for theoretical estimation of leakage rates was used in the test.
A constant concentration tracer gas system was designed and constructed to continuously measure the air infiltration rate in as many as ten zones of a building. The portable, microcomputer controlled system injects a metered amount of tracer
A method has been introduced for the analysis of the hygrothermal behaviour of building materials and construction. The model equations for coupled heat and mass transfer used in the computer code TRATMO and in the determination of hygrotherm
A method to analyze thermal and moisture physical behaviour of building components under transient conditions is introduced. The method is supported by the procedure TRATMO (Transient Analysis of Thermal and Moisture Physical Behaviour of Constr
Many aspects of window performance cannot be adequately predicted from basic principles, hence a number of standard tests are evolving for evaluation of some of the primary ones. The tests are widely used in product standards, along with
Fifty-nine owners/occupants of electrically heated houses in the Denver, Colorado area have, for about ten months, been participating in a study sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) to determine theeffect of air infi
Several empirical models of house air infiltration, available from the literature, were reviewed and evaluated. Without exception, the limitations, inherent in these models, were found to stem from inadequate accounting of the interactive forces controlling air infiltration. In general, each of the available models was found to accurately reflect the specific real case used for verification, but extension of the model to other structures and situations was found to be totally inadequate.
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