Assesses the quality of retrofit work carried out in 329 Swedish houses, which had received government energy-saving funds. Describes the selection of dwellings, the measurement methods employed (including thermography, pressure testing, tracer gas and heat flow) and the results.< In most houses, insulation work in attics and on external walls had been carried out satisfactorily. However, the houses were still not air tight and exhibited high ventilation figures (for pressure tests 8 air exchanges per hour at 50 Pa and for tracer gas tests 0.6 air exchanges per hour).
Describes tests performed on laboratory manufactured and prefabricated concrete specimens, to determine air leakage rates through cracks. Shows the expected increase of air leakage for increasing crack width and the decrease for increased element thickness. Appropriate theoretical assumptions are described, and the results show relationships for the calculation of the magnitude of air leakage through cracks.
Presents the extra costs in new housing of a number of measures designed to reduce space heating costs. The measures used to reduce energy consumption in new houses in Sakatoon were:< 1. airtightness with controlled ventilation< 2. superinsulation< 3. use of the south windows for passive solar gain.< States that results are applicable in most parts of the Canadian prairie.
Identifies the main categories of seal used in weatherstripping doors and windows. These include compression seals which are compressed during closure to form a seal, wiper seals which form a seal as they slide over a closing surface, and gap fillers and sealants which restore a fit between closing surfaces. Outlines broadly the merits and disadvantages of each, and provides general guidance on seal selection and application.
Discusses difficulties inherent in multiplexity of full-scale trials and the use of EDP simulation in models. Considers the measurement of low air movement velocities using different types of anemometers and field trials in lecture rooms and open-plan offices. Reports on studies into ventilation efficiency and full scale trials. Reviews International Institute of Refrigeration Congress held in Essen September 1981.
Provides a summary of Report IIIb of the overall research project `air change in buildings' undertaken by the EMPA, Switzerland, sponsored by the Swiss Federal Ministry for Environmental Protection. Describes an investigation into the frequency and duration of window ventilation over an entire heating season by the occupants of 32 flats. Treats the two blocks of flats investigated, the results of questionnaire circulated to the occupants concerning ventilation habits, the measurement and observation methods applied, and the evaluation methods applied to the data obtained.
Provides a summary of Report IIIc of the overall research project `air change in buildings' undertaken by the EMPA, Switzerland, sponsored by the Swiss Federal Ministry for Environmental Protection. Describes a measurement programme undertaken in an unoccupied single family house built in 1979.
Provides a summary of Report IIIa of the overall research project `air change in buildings' undertaken by the EMPA, Switzerland, sponsored by the Swiss Federal Ministry for Environmental Protection. Describes an investigation ontwo identical insulated flats in the same block with the same orientation, one with folding shutters and the other with roller blinds. The occupants were instructed on how to close the blinds at night. Their normal living habits and ventilation preferences were not affected. Illustrates the flats and blinds diagrammatically and in photographs.
Treats the three main factors contributing to ventilation heat loss- natural air exchange driven by wind pressure and temperature differences, air exchange caused by the user and forced air change under the influence of exhaust air installati
Presents author's impressions from 2nd International Indoor Climate Symposium at Amherst, USA, where 130 new research papers were presented. Considers pollution sources such as NO2, CO and the use of UF foam for thermal insulation.
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