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Architectural design is becoming each day a more complex process while it seeks to embrace thevarious aspects of sustainability. The way how the buildings are affected by their own shape andmaterials, how the urban environment is affected by it and how this will affect the building, becomes acritical issue of the design process for sustainable architecture. The architectural design processshould be dynamic and look holistically at all building technologies and systems, including the urbandimension.

District cooling system (DCS) is a mass-scale production of chilled water generated at a central andremote chiller plant. Through an underground piping network, the chilled water is delivered to serve agroup of consumer buildings in a district area. DCS can offer both economical and environmentalbenefits. Because of the substantial capital investment and running energy involved, an optimal designof the distribution piping network is one of the crucial factors for successful implementation of thedistrict cooling scheme.

Due to a variety of influence factors, outside dry-bulb temperature takes on a systematic and randomfluctuation. If a deterministic model is used to forecast the dry-bulb temperature, the predicted resultoften has a rough accuracy. Neural network can learn the internal regularity of the sample data bysample training; therefore it has very much adaptability and advantage in the aspects of forecast.The influence factors of outside dry-bulb temperature exist difference in the daytime and the nighttime,which makes the fluctuant regularity of outside dry-bulb temperature inconsistent.

This paper discusses how the consumption pattern of occupants and architectural design of buildingsaffect the building energy consumption. An overview of the building energy consumptions in Hong Kongis presented. Electricity consumption data in Hong Kong may have resulted in various indications andestimates of the inevitable growth in electricity demand. The growth rate varies in different sectors anddepends on the end-use pattern together with the economic activity. The increasing standard of livingcauses greater need of resources and sometimes may lead to abusive consumptions.

The energy performance of solar-control film on single window glass is analyzed through in-siteexperiment measurement. The solar optical properties and the heat transfer characteristics of theglazing with solar-control film are discussed in detail. An experiment was carried out to compare theenergy consumption and day lighting level between two hotel guest rooms with and without solarcontrolfilm. The theoretical and experimental results have a good agreement in the energy saved bysolar-control film.

This paper gave an overview of the past and present applications of various Computational FluidDynamics (CFD) methods for indoor environment modeling. Typical applications used the CFD tocalculate airflow, air temperature, contaminant concentrations, and turbulence in enclosed environmentfor studying or designing thermal comfort and indoor air quality. With simple airflow and geometry, theCFD is capable of calculating accurately mean flow parameters but less accurately turbulenceparameters.

The selection of design solar irradiance in the current ASHRAE and CIBSE design handbooks isindependent on design dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures. The probability that the load would notexceed the system capacity determined on this basis may not match the reliability level that the designweather data were meant to safeguard. Hence, a statistic method was developed for the rationalselection of coincident solar irradiance, dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures.

The aim of the study is to quantify the traffic generated particle number concentration levels (PM2.5; PMwith diameter ? 2.5?m) at various heights of a typical high-rise building in close proximity to a majorexpressway in Singapore. A 22-storey naturally-ventilated high-rise residential building located about15m away from a major expressway was selected for the study.

A push-pull fume cupboard shown is an innovative device to remove pollutants from a fume cupboardto the outdoor environment. A push flow coming from the bottom of a sash and a pull flow behind thedoorsill are adopted to form an air curtain in the fume cupboard. Meanwhile, the roof of a push-pullfume cupboard is open to the environment and ambient fluids are drawn from the roof. To investigatethe performance of a push-pull fume cupboard, a numerical model based on the finite volume methodis utilized. Various ratios of push flows to pull flows are considered.

As highly insulated and airtight houses have built popularly, the problem which indoor air becomes lowhumidity in winter, is paid attention. The problem is caused by rise of heating level and increase ofventilation amount by mechanical ventilating equipments, etc.1)Then, to clarify the actual condition of indoor low humidity in winter, we monitored the actual humidityenvironment in 29 occupied houses in the Tohoku region and Niigata, Japan, from 2001 to 2006. As theresult, it is found that the indoor low humidity in winter is a common problem regardless of the housecondition.