Examines by means of analytically calculable borderline cases the relative merits of continuous window ventilation or intermittent opening of windows. Illustrates the results relating to carbon dioxide content of the rooms ingraphs and discusses them. Findings depend strongly on the hygiene assumptions by which they are judged (identical maximum or identical mean CO2 concentrations or the identical mean air flow rate).
Discusses 2 reports by the Agrement Board which indicate that insulated doors in busy industrial buildings such as warehouses do not save much energy. Further studies by the Bolton Gate co. show that the addition of a plastic strip curtain gives significant savings. When a door is open for 5 mins perhour, the mean saving can be 15% depending on outside temperature and the air leakage of the curtain. When the door is open for 15 mins per hour, the mean saving can be 29%. States that it is easier to use plastic strip curtains with horizontal folding shutters than with doors.
States that draughtproofing doors and windows in industrial and commercial buildings offers the quickest payback of any energy conservation measure. Describes potential sources of leaks, such as ill-fitting entrance doors, and the types of material needed in draughtproofing industrial buildings according to durability and application.
Describes the ways heat is lost through doors, including flow characteristics, the effect of wind and the effect of temperature difference. Suggests that automatic doors will pay for themselves in terms of energy saved by cutting heat loss through entrances.
Lists and explains the 10 rules to ensure correct domestic ventilation< 1. Ensuring the correct air supply< 2. Maintaining correct flow directions< 3. Maintaining stable ventilation conditions< 4. Avoiding discomfort zones< 5. Maximum use of window ventilation< 6. Matching the flow of air to the ventilation requirement< 7. Observing energy saving ventilation principles< 8. Considering smoke carryover in case of fire<9. Quiet operation<10. Ensuring low maintenance requirements for the system< Illustrates examples of ventilation practice in diagrams.
Notes job losses in prefabricated timber housing industry in Sweden and Hjaltevad's endeavours to produce a large series popular house with low-energy characteristics. House is on one and a half floors and has an occupied area of 150 sq.m. Heating economy is strongest sales argument with estimated annual consumption of 8000 Kwh. Low energy consumption results from electric boiler and heat pump. The heat pump assumes a mechanical exhaust air system and heat extracted is added to hot water system. Notes strict control of tightness before external cladding is nailed in position.
Assesses the impact of energy-conserving retrofits on air leakage and indoor air quality for several houses that are part of a weatherization programme in the Pacific Northwest offered by a power and light company. Indoor air quality was measured using the Energy Efficient Buildings (EEB) mobile laboratory containing sampling, monitoring, and calibration equipment. Leakage area of the building envelope was determined using the fan pressurization technique.
Gives some conclusions from a detailed computer analysis of the energy consumption of 600 branch bank buildings of The Bank of Novia Scotia, spread across Canada. Divides energy management into 3 categories:
Reports on a project carried out in the Caswell Hill and Riversdale areas of Saskatoon to investigate the effectiveness of sealing with caulking and weatherstripping to reduce air leakage. This involved sealing 10 homes, and also insulating the attics and basements of five of these houses after thesealing work. A control group of 10 homes which had been insulated without particular attention being given to sealing procedures were also monitored. The homes were pressure tested by the National Research Council before and after sealing to measure the reduction in air leakage.
Reports on a study carried out by HUDAC and DBR on four identical detached houses built in Ontario in 1977. House 1 was built according to the insulation requirements of the 1975 Ontario Building Code, the others were constructed with increased levels of insulation and air tightness. Some of the aims are:
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