Presents the results to date of the use of the multiple tracer gas technique to determine interzonal airflow and ventilation rates in large, multicelled buildings like offices. This work is part of a wider project designed toextend knowledge of natural ventilation in all types of buildings other than dwellings.
Reduction in air leakage rates due to weatherization of homes can be determined by fan pressurization and tracer gas techniques, but only the latter gives the results under normal occupancy conditions. Assessment of such rates measured before and after weatherization must consider their dependence on wind speeds and inside-outside temperature differences.
The manufacturing procedures and performance of a building air infiltration kit consisting of miniature passive perfluorocarbon tracer permeation sources and passive adsorption tube samplers are described.
The Brookhaven air infiltration measurement system (BNL/AIMS) uses a family of four passive perfluorocarbon tracer sources and miniature passive adsorbent samplers to inexpensively but very effectively tag individual zones within multizone buildings with uniquely discernible tracer vapors.
Describes a series of tests carried out in two interconnected environmental chambers, to determine the accuracy of airflows calculated from tracer gas measurements using a new rapid sampling system. The system is capable of measuring 3 tracer gases simultaneously.
Describes a completely automated constant concentration tracer gas technique for measurement of air infiltration. The equipment consists of five components: 1 a controller, 2 a tracer gas analyzer, 3 an injection and sampling unit, 4 special mixing fans and 5 apparatus for the calibration of the tracer gas flow. The system is controlled by a microcomputer.
This paper presents the measurement technique and results of 23 one-week measurements of air change rate in occupied dwellings. The measurements conducted show that the occupants exert a very considerable influence on the total air change rate. The air change rate for occupied dwellings is, on average, 3-4 times greater than the rate in sealed dwellings (with air-escape valves, doors, windows and ventilation system closed). The measurements also reveal a trend towards a higher air change rate in mechanically ventilated dwellings than in naturally ventilated dwellings.
A steady state multi-cell calculation model has been developed in order to predict the interconnection between airtightness and ventilation rates. The model has been tested with measured leakage data of a detached house.
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