Three very different task/ambient conditioning (TAC) systems were investigated in a climate chamber. Two desk-mounted TACS, the “Personal EnvironmentalModule” (PEM), intended for US offices, and the “ClimaDesk” (CDESK), intended for European offices, were compared experimentally with a floor-mounted unit, the “Task Air Module” (TAM). All three provide some individual control of cooling, while PEM and CDESK also provide individual control of heating.
Within an International Energy Agency (IEA) project (Annex 27) experts from 8 countries(Canada, France, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Sweden, UK, and USA) have developed toolsfor evaluating domestic ventilation systems during the heating season. Building and useraspects, thermal comfort, noise, energy, life cycle cost, reliability, and indoor air quality(IAQ) tools were developed.
A secondary analysis of the Dutch prevalence study by Zweers et al shows that office buildingswithout artificial cooling and with operable windows have a lower risk for health symptoms andcomfort complaints than office buildings with artificial cooling and sealed windows. Temperature ,simulations of various office buildings show that in the Dutch climate zone thermal comfortduring summer conditions is secured without the use of artificial cooling if a number of essentialdesign criteria are met.
In this paper, a zonal model used to predict the air movement, temperature distribution and airquality in a room is presented. It is based on a rough partitioning of the room: it is anintermediate approach between one-node models (that consider an homogeneous temperaturein each room, and, for that reason, do not permit to predict the thermal comfort in a room) andCFD models (that require great amount of simulation time). Where plumes, jets or thermallayers occur, air flow is described by empirical laws.
This paper reports the results of thermal comfort and indoor air quality studies in forty-three flights with a duration of more than one hour. The measurements were performed continuously during the whole flight (from the departure gate to the arrival gate) and the parameters monitored were temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration. The results were then compared with the ASHRAE Standards for the thermal and indoor air quality.
The purpose of this work is to evaluate the thermal comfort of human beings in outdoor spaces, taking into account the microclimatic modifications produced by vegetation. The parameters needed to formulate a comfort index are of differing orders of magnitude, so the same conditions could be seen as comfortable outdoors and yet be unacceptable indoors. One of the most influential landscape elements in the degree of comfort is vegetation. The main effects of vegetation are on solar radiation and wind.
The Netherlands Agency for Energy and the Environment(NOVEM) is conducting a program for the implementation of Low Temperature Heating (LTH) systems in buildings. The primary goal is to enable the use of Low Talued Energy as a heating source. Major savings in enery consumption can be realised by fully utilising the potential of Low Valued Enery. Besides the argument of savings in energy supply, there are additiond benefits in the fields of. Indoor Air Quality (particles, mites, lower air temperature, annoyance and dust);.
This study aims to introduce a methodology which enables to revise the limit values of overallheat transfer coefficient in accordance with the building form from thermal comfort andenergy conservation point of view.In order to prevent excess heat loss, building should be designed as passive heating system.Overall heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of building envelope and building form can beconsidered as the most important parameters of the passive heating system. Therefore, U-valueof building envelope should be determined depending on building form.
Rooms with high windows are likely to have comfort problems caused by cold airdowndraught, which are usually solved by placing heating appliances underneath thewindows. In the city of Zug, Switzerland, a highly insulated educational building with aconcrete core system for heating and cooling is planned. The purpose of our investigation wasto find out whether any measures are necessary in this building to compensate the effects ofdowndraught in the occupied zone. Special attention has been paid to the effect of passivemeasures like air flow obstacles or openings in the window sill.
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