This study was carried out systematically asfollows; at first, an investigation of grossbuilding-to-land ratio of real residential areawith GIs data was carried out. We obtained theresult that almost areas locate within the rangefrom 20 to 45%, and the average was 33%.From these results, reproduction-conditions ofbuilding-models in the wind tunnel experimentwere decided. Secondly, in these reproductionconditions,wind pressure coefficients ofresidential buildings were measured. Planshapesof target buildings were two kinds. Onewas rectangular plan wyth flat roof, gable roofand hipped roof.
The objective of this study is to identify theeffects of mirror duct system on energy savingsfor luminaries. The results of the experimentsshowed that more than half of the subjects judgedthe room was bright when the illuminance on thedesk from mirror duct system was higher than100 lx. Half of the subjects judged ceilinglurninaire could be turned off when theilluminance on the desk was higher than 100 Ix inthe case of relaxing. On the other hand, about80% of the subjects always switched on theluminaire regardless of the illuminance on thedesk in the case of reading.
Recently most houses in northern Japan have becomehighly insulatedand airtight, whichhave caused seriousproblems such as indoor air pollution. Therefore, it isimportant to evaluate the performance of an airtighthouse from the viewpoint of ventilation. The aim ofthis paper is to clarify airflow rates in a house bymeasuring outdoor airflow rates and convection airwith single/multiple tracer gas techniques. The modelhouse has an underground crawl basement space withouter insulation and is designed with a passiveventilation design.
Today lots of research and application of solarheating are focused on continuously occupiedbuildings, such as residential buildings. Thispaper studies solar heating for intermittentlyoccupied buildings such as offices, classrooms,workshops which generally are unoccupiedduring nights and weekends. If we stop spaceheating during nights, energy for space heatingwill be reduced. In the paper, a simple buildingis assumed and a solar assisted space heatingsystem is designed for it.
The results of a recent research and it'sstatistical analysis, show that in some of theIranian cities like YAZD, there are two periods(from end of august to end of September andfrom end of February to end of March) in whichoutdoor pollution is higher than other periods.School starting and industrial activities in thesummer could be the prime reasons of thisphenomenon.
In this paper the energy performance and thepotentials of the energy savings decrease in twooffice buildings in northern Greece areexamined, within the frames of a renovationproject in office buildings of the public sector.Energy audits and simulations were performedfor this reason. Significant energy savings wereachieved in both cases.
There are many technologies aimed at reducing energy demand of ventilation systems, but thefocus in these designs has remained on the airheating system and exhaust losses. In fact, atypical daily exhaust air requirement for oneperson has the same quantity of exergy as thewater fi-om a typical shower, and thus heatingsystems must also consider hot water.This project presents the exergy analysis ofintegrating wastewater heat recovery into abuilding heating system. A heat pump providesroom conditioning and hot water heating.
The primary purpose of the present study was toevaluate the effects of retrofitting of windowsashes by measuring air tightness performanceand thermal environment of apartment housesbuilt during the period 1965 - 1974 before andafter the retrofitting of window sashes. Also,ventilation rate in each zone and air tightness onroom fittings were determined in multi-zonetype dwelling units, and evaluation was madeon ventilating sinlulation between multi-zonedwelling units.
A semi-empirical ventilation model was proposed for cross-ventilation. This model isbased on local dynamic similarity theory andwas coupled with COMIS and TRNSYS, whichare widely used for energy conservationsimulation. A simulation study was performedon a typical detached house in Japan to evaluatethe energy conservation effect of crossventilationduring the day. The conventionalOrifice model overestimated the ventilation flow rates compared to those by COMIS-LDSM, especially when the approaching flow was not normal to the upwind openings.
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